IE = Indo-European; OE = Old English; ON = Old Norse; Lat. = Latin; PF = Proto-Finnic, G. = German, N. = Norwegian
| Proto-IE | Proto-Germanic | Finnish | English meaning | IE Cognate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ? | *az-V-/as-V- | aho | open grassy field in a forest | ashes |
| *óynos | *ainaz | ainoa | only, sole | one, an, a |
| ? | *airō | airo | oar | oar < OE ār < ON ár |
| *aḱanā | *aganō | akana | grain's husk | ? |
| ? | *ang(w)ijaz | ankea | dismal, lousy | anger |
| ? | *azina- | arina | grating in the bottom of a fireplace | ? |
| *h₃erbʰ- | *armaz | armas | dear, beloved | arm |
| ? | *arƀ(i)a- | arpa | a tool for selecting a random winner | orphan |
| ? | *(uz-)andja- | asia | errand, thing | errand |
| *aut(i)o- | *auþaz | autio | desolate, uninhabited | ? |
| ? | *haigara | haikara | heron, stork | ? |
| *solwo- | *salwaz | halpa | cheap | sallow |
| ? | *harðiō, *hartja | hartia | shoulder | ? |
| *keh₂p- | *habukaz | haukka | hawk | hawk |
| ? | *helpō- | helppo | easy | help |
| ? | *sīþaz | hidas | slow | ? |
| *seyl- | *siljaną | hiljaa | slowly, quitely | silent < Lat. silēnt- |
| *kew-, *ḱew-/*ḱey- | *hiwją | hipiä | smooth, soft skin | hue |
| *kew-, *ḱew-/*ḱey- | *hiwją | hius < PF *hibus | hair (specifically on head) | ? |
| *kew-, *ḱew-/*ḱey- | *hiwją | häivä < PF *heben | trace | ? |
| *kn̥h₂ónks | *hunagą | hunaja | honey (edible stuff) | honey |
| *ḱers- | *hurskaz | hurskas | pious | ? |
| *keh₂ros | *hōrǭ | huora, horo | whore | whore |
| ? | *sairijan | häiritä | to disturb, to disrupt | sorry |
| ? | *hawiþa- | häpeä | shame | ? |
| ? | *inþōn- | into | enthusiasm | ? |
| *ja + *-hw | *jahw | ja | and | ? |
| ? | *ju | jo | already | ? |
| *yaus-, *yūs- | *justaz | juusto | cheese | ? |
| *ǵʰey- | *gaidō | kaita | narrow | goad |
| *ǵómbʰos | *gambaz | kampa | comb | comb |
| *keh₂n- | *hanô | kana | chicken | ? |
| *ḱómsōd | *hansō | kansa | people, nation | Hansa |
| *ker- | *harjaz | karja | cattle, herd | here (army) |
| ? | *skarđian | karsia | to trim | ? |
| ? | *harwaz | karvas | bitter | ? |
| ? | *gātija- | katsoa | to look | ? |
| ? | *katilaz | kattila | kettle | kettle |
| ? | *skauniz | kaunis | beautiful | sheen |
| ? | *skaidaz | keidas | oasis | ? |
| *ǵʰays- | *gaizaz | keihäs | spear | gar(lic) |
| ? | *kirikǭ | kirkko | church | church |
| *ǵenh₁- + ? | *kuningaz | kuningas | king | king |
| *ǵenh₁- | *kunją | kunnia | honor | kin |
| ? | *kwerk(i)ja- | kuristaa | to strangle | ? |
| *kert-, *kret- | *hardijaną | kärsiä | to suffer | ? |
| ? | *skeuha- | köyhä | poor, unwealthy | shy |
| ? | *flakja/*lēgijaz | laaja | wide, broad | ? |
| ? | *lāʒō | laho | rotten (wood) | ? |
| *leykʷ- | *laihną | laina | loan | loan |
| *leyt- | *laidō | laita | edge | lode, load |
| *plew- | *flawją | laiva | ship | ? |
| ? | *flakja/*lēgijaz | lakeus | expanse | G. Fläche |
| *h₁l̥h₁onbʰos | *lambaz | lammas | sheep | lamb |
| *plad- | *flatją | lattia | floor of a room | flat |
| ? | *līną | liina | cloth | linen? |
| ? | *slīwą | liivate | gelatine | ? |
| ? | *slīma- | lima | mucus, slime | slime? |
| *(s)klēw-, *(s)klew- | *hleutaną | löytää | to find | N. leite |
| ? | *maʒan | mahtaa | to probably (do), to be able to (do) | may, might |
| *mógʰtis | *mahtiz | mahti | power, strenght | might |
| ? | *maltaz | mallas | malt | malt? |
| *mr̥tós | *murþaz | murha | murder | murth |
| ? | *narwõn- | naarmu | scratch | ? |
| ? | *fnawwa- | naava | old man's beard | ? |
| *h₃nobʰ- | *nabō | napa | bellybutton | nave |
| *h₃negʰ- | *naglaz | naula | nail (for construction) | nail |
| *newd- | *nautą | nauta | cow meat | neat |
| ? | *naut(i)ja- | nauttia | to enjoy | ? |
| ? | *snīþ-e/a- | niittää | to mow, to reap | ? |
| *h₂elut- | *aluþ- | olut | beer | ale |
| ? | *spaikō | paikka | place | ? |
| ? | *banda | panta | collar | band |
| *bʰodʰ- | *badją | patja | mattress | bed |
| ? | *felþuz | pelto | field (farming) | field |
| ? | *blika- | pilkka | ridicule | ? |
| ? | *spinda- | pinta | surface | ? |
| *werǵ- | *wurkijaną | pyrkiä | to strive, to pursue | work |
| *bʰewdʰ- | *beudaz | pöytä | table (furniture) | ? |
| ? | *þrawwaz | rahvas | common folk | ? |
| ? | *frakaz | rakas | dear | ? |
| ? | *randja-/*randia- | rasia | small box | ? |
| ? | *raþo | rata | track, course | ? |
| ? | *raiđia- | ratsastaa | to ride (on a horse) | ride |
| *dʰrewgʰ- | *draugaz | raukka | wretch, coward, poor thing | ? |
| *srowmos | *straumaz | Rauma | a town in Western Finland | stream |
| *(s)krengʰ- | *hrengaz (later *hringaz) | rengas | wheel, tyre | ? |
| *h₃rḗǵs | *rīkijaz | rikas | rich | rich |
| ? | *hruza- | ruho | carcass | ? |
| *dʰrewgʰ- + *-tis | *druhtinaz | ruhtinas | sovereign prince | dright |
| ? | *skrunka- | runko | trunk, hull | ? |
| ? | *rūnō | runo | poem | rune |
| ? | *grōsō- | ruoho | grass | grass |
| ? | *rōkā | ruoka | food | ? |
| ? | *hrēkan | räkä | snot | hrāca (OE) |
| ? | *sairaz | sairas | sick, ill | sore |
| ? | *stījā | sija | ranking, case (grammar) | -sty |
| ? | *sakkuz | säkki | sack | sack |
| *deyḱ- | *taikną | taika | magic | token |
| *dʰówtus | *dauþuz | tauti | disease | death |
| *(s)táwros | *þeuraz | teuras | slaughtered animal | ? |
| ? | *þwenga- | tunkea | to cram, to shove | ? |
| ? | *wēdiz | vaate | piece of clothing | weed |
| *(s)kʷálos | *hwalaz | valas | whale | whale |
| ? | *wara-z | vara | reserve, caution, affordance | wary, aware |
| *wergʰ-, *werǵʰ- | *wargaz | varas | thief | warg |
| ? | *warjōn | varjo | shadow | ? |
| ? | *warđōn | vartoa | to wait | ? |
| ? | *weneđ- | Venäjä | Russia | ? |
| *weydstos | *wīsaz | viisas | wise | wise |
| ? | *wǣs- | väsyä | to get tired | ? |
| *h₂m̥bʰi | umbi | ympäri | around | umb, umbe |
| *wréh₂ds | *wrōts | yrtti | herb | wort |