GRAMMAR

MORPHOLOGY

DETERMINERS

Note that 'asko' is treated as singular.

NOUNS

Basque nouns decline for case. For example:

Definite Singular (the)

Defnite Plural (the)

Indefinite

Proper Nouns

The case is placed on the last word in the noun phrase.

Note that determiners like asko are treated as indefinite.

VERBS

Basque verbs conjugate for tense, person, and number. For example:

egon (like Spanish estar- to be):

Present Tense:

izan (like Spanish ser - to be):

Present Tense:

The previous two verbs agree for the subject of the sentence only.

Many verbs, like bizi izan, are formed with a prestem like 'bizi' that carries the meaning, while the second word is an actual verb that conjugates.

For relative clauses, the verb takes the -en suffix.

Note that a + a = a and a + e = e.

SYNTAX

NOUN PHRASES

Basque noun phrases go:
(modifier[s]) noun (determiner)-case

Note that modifiers can be nouns, noun phrases, some determiners like beste, or
relative clauses.

Also, since the case comes at the end, you know the noun phrase has ended when
you see the case marker.

CLAUSES

Basque clauses go:
(subject) (other noun phrase[s]) (adverb[s]) verb (adverb[s])

This is the case for affirmative, non-question sentences.

To combine two clauses with a conjunction, do X (conjunction) Y.