Vocab
- a, al: to (preposition)
- ay: interjection
- cosas: stuff, belongings
- creo: to believe
- empacar: to pack (as in a suitcase)
- en: in
- es: is
- estar: is, to be (past tense "estaba")
- esto: this
- fue: was (irregular plural "fueron")
- habitación: room/bedroom
- hacer: to do (irregular past tense "hecho")
- idiota: idiot (male or female)
- Limargia: just a person's name
- lleno: packed, crowded, crammed
- maleta: suitcase
- mí: my
- mirar: to look"
- nadie: nobody
- preguntó: to ask, asked
- rebosar: overflowing
- responder: to respond, to reply
- siempre: always
- sólo: only
- tocar: to touch
- usted: you
- tu/tú: you, your
- y: and
- ya: already
- yo: I
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Grammar (no guarantee of quality):
- Plurals: mostly just adding "s" to the end. Note that pronouns are also pluralized when referring to a plural noun, as in "mis zapatos" - "my shoes"
- Grammatical gender: it's a thing. Not technically relevant to understanding the sentences here, but still necessary anyway. Ending in an "-a" sound is usually female, and "-o" sound is usually male. "-ión" is ALWAYS female, and if it ends in a consonant, your guess is as good as mine. "La" and "las" are the singular/plural "the" for female nouns, and "el"/"los" are singular/plural "the" for male nouns. Inanimate objects also have genders for some linguistic reason, and unknown/unspecified objects default to male gender (hence "ellos", the male "they", being used for an unknown party). Gender is not affected by conjugation, but conjugation can be affected by gender (adjectives changing to match the gender of their noun, etc).
- Dropping implied pronouns: verb endings usually imply the pronoun (like if a verb ends in some form of "-mos", it's usually safe to assume the relevant pronoun is "nosotros", "we"). "Yo comprendo español" and "Comprendo español" are functionally identical, but the latter (dropped "yo") is far more common.
- Conjugation: is a thing.
- Pronouns: five main types
- yo - "I"
- tú - "you" (sometimes no accent mark on the ú)
- él/ella/usted - "he"/"her"/"them"
- nosotros/vosotros - "we" ("nosotras/vosotras" is the female version of "we", also "vosotros" is only used in Spain, not Mexico, so we're only focusing on "nosotros")
- ellos/ellas/ustedes - "them/they" ("ellas" is female version of "ellos", "ustedes" is plural "usted", inanimate objects also in this category)
- Verb endings: depends on what the verb ends in in the base form, "-ar" "-er" or "-ir".
- Present tense, based on relevant pronoun:
- yo - -ar/-er/-ir all become -o
- tú - -ar becomes -as, -er/-ir become -es
- él/ella/usted - -ar becomes -a, -er/-ir become -e
- nosotros - -ar becomes -amos, -er becomes -emos, -ir becomes -imos
- ellos/ellas/ustedes - -ar becomes -an, -er/-ir become -en
- Past tense, based on relevant pronoun:
- yo - -ar becomes -é, -er/-ir become -i
- tú - -ar becomes -aste, -er/-ir become -iste
- él/ella/usted - -ar becomes -ó, -er/-ir become -ió
- nosotros: -ar becomes -amos, -er/-ir become -imos
- ellos/ellas/ustedes - -ar becomes -aron, -er/-ir become -ieron
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