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#4Esperanto by Kimura
EsperantoEnglish

Tial laŭsupozeble, li mem demandas ĉu humaneco estas malsama. Sed, la mundo havas pli ĥaoso. Ĉar ĉi tio, malgraŭ la evidenteco, mi konektas malsame, kaj mi eltrovas ne esti viva. Eble mi estas io kompleta malsama. Mi certas fari lin kredas mi ankoraŭ Dano. Mi ne estis animo.

So as expected, he asks himself if humanity is any different. But this world has more chaos. Because of this, despite evidence, I connect differently, and I discover I am not alive. Maybe I am something completely different. I am sure to make him believe I am still Dan. I was not a soul.

Leksiko (vocab):

  • O-vortoj (nouns):
    • animo: soul
    • evidenteco: evidence
    • ĥaoso: chaos
    • humaneco: humanity
    • mundo: world
  • A-vortoj (adjectives):
    • kompleta: complete
    • malsama: different
    • viva: alive, living
  • Verboj (verbs) (shown in present tense):
    • certas: to be certain
    • demandas: to ask, to inquire (distinct from "petas", to ask FOR something)
    • eltrovas: to discover
    • estas: to be
    • faras: to make
    • havas: to have
    • konektas: to connect
    • kredas: to believe
  • Konjunkcioj (conjunctions):
    • ankoraŭ: still
    • ĉar: because
    • eble: maybe
    • io: something
    • kaj: and
    • laŭsupozeble: as expected
    • malgraŭ: despite, even though
    • sed: but
    • tial: so, therefore
  • Alia vortoj (other words):
    • ĉi tio: this
    • ĉu: whether or not (prefix for asking a binary yes/no question)
    • la: the
    • pli: more

Gramatiko (grammar):

  • Nouns end in -o. Adjectives end in -a. In many cases, a noun can be "adjectivified" and vice versa by swapping the ending.
  • Adverbs end in -e, and usually follow the verbs they act on. While they are the same base word as the adjective (rapida/rapide -> rapid/rapidly), adverbs do not take plural or accusative suffixes.
  • Plurals are formed by adding -j to the end. If a noun is plural, so is its adjective(s).
  • Direct objects (accusative, what is acted upon) end in -n. Adjective(s) applying to the direct object must also have an -n applied. If plural, the -n goes after the -j (so "pomojn" is "apples" as a direct object).
  • Basic pronouns:
    • mi: I
    • vi: you
    • li: he
    • ŝi: she
    • ĝi: it
    • ni: we
    • ili: they
  • The special pronoun "mem" is used in combination with a basic pronoun to put emphasis on self - for example "li mem", "he himself"
  • Possessive pronouns are formed by adding -a like an adjective ("mia" is "my", "via" is "your", etc). Accusative and plural endings also apply, both to basic and possessive pronouns.
  • Verb endings:
    • -as: present tense
    • -is: past tense
    • -os: future tense
    • -us: conditional
    • -u: command
    • -i: infinitive (also used to chain verbs together, like "povas lerni" is "can learn")

Word order is flexible (endings determine the role of a word in the sentence), but most Esperantists use SVO order.